Radiation | Solar angles and day length | Radiation components | Temperature and wind speed profiles | Diurnal variation in temperature and radiation | Degree days | Soil temperatures | Soil boundary conditions | Soil specific heat and conductivity | References

Operative environmental temperatures | Solar radiation, Qabs | Thermal radiation, Qemit | Convection, Qconv | Conduction, Qcond | Metabolism, Qmet | Evaporation, Qevap | Estimating body temperatures, Tb | Specialized energy balance models and functions | Lizards | Day Length and Sun Angles | Radiation and Environmental Temperature | Butterflies | Grasshoppers | Mussels | Limpets | Nocturnal Salamanders (humid operative temperatures) | Example operative environmental temperature calculations | Environmental data | Operative temperature estimation | Energy balance | References

Allometries | Mass | Surface Area | Conversions | Thermal Performance Curve Functions | References

Parameters | Greek Symbols | Dimensionless Groups